People, be mindful of your Lord, who created you from a single soul, created from it its mate, and spread from the two of them many men and women. Be mindful of Allah, in whose name you ask one another, and honor family ties. Allah is always watching over you.
Give orphans their property, and do not exchange what is bad for what is good. Do not consume their property by mixing it with your own. That is truly a great sin.
If you fear that you will not deal justly with orphan girls, then marry other women of your choice, two, three, or four. But if you fear that you will not be just, then marry only one, or those under your authority. That is more likely to keep you from injustice.
Do not give those who lack sound judgment the property Allah has entrusted to you for their support. Instead, provide for them from it, clothe them, and speak to them kindly.
Test the orphans until they reach marriageable age. Then if you recognize sound judgment in them, hand over their property to them. Do not consume it wastefully or hastily before they grow up. A guardian who is well-off should refrain from taking anything, while one who is poor may take what is reasonable. When you hand their property over to them, have witnesses present. Allah is sufficient as One who takes account.
Men have a share of what parents and close relatives leave behind, and women have a share of what parents and close relatives leave behind, whether the estate is small or large. It is an assigned share.
Let those responsible for others be concerned as they would be if they left vulnerable children behind and feared for them. So let them be mindful of Allah and speak with fairness.
Allah instructs you concerning your children: a male receives a share equal to that of two females. If there are only daughters, two or more, they receive two-thirds of what is left. If there is one daughter, she receives half. As for the deceased’s parents, each receives one-sixth if the deceased left children. But if there are no children and the parents alone inherit, the mother receives one-third. If the deceased has siblings, the mother receives one-sixth. All this is after any bequest made or debt owed. You do not know whether your parents or your children are closer to you in benefit. These shares are an obligation from Allah. Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
You receive half of what your wives leave if they have no child. If they have a child, you receive one-quarter of what they leave, after any bequest they made or debt owed. They receive one-quarter of what you leave if you have no child. If you have a child, they receive one-eighth of what you leave, after any bequest you made or debt owed. If a man or woman leaves neither parents nor children but has a brother or sister, each receives one-sixth. If there are more than two, they share one-third, after any bequest or debt that causes no harm. This is an instruction from Allah. Allah is All-Knowing, Most Forbearing.
These are Allah’s limits. Whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger, He will admit them into gardens with rivers flowing beneath them, where they will remain forever. That is the great success.
But whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger and crosses His limits, He will admit them into a Fire where they will remain, and they will have a humiliating punishment.
As for women among you who commit sexual immorality, call four witnesses against them from among you. If they testify, keep those women confined to their homes until death takes them or Allah makes another way for them.
If two among you commit it, then discipline them both. But if they repent and make amends, leave them alone. Allah is truly Accepting of Repentance, Most Merciful.
Allah only accepts the repentance of those who do wrong out of ignorance and then repent soon afterward. It is they whose repentance Allah accepts. Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
Repentance is not for those who continue doing evil until death comes to one of them and then says, “Now I repent,” nor for those who die while rejecting faith. For them We have prepared a painful punishment.
Believers, it is not lawful for you to inherit women against their will, nor should you pressure them in order to take back some of what you gave them, unless they commit a clear sexual immorality. Live with them honorably. If you dislike them, it may be that you dislike something in which Allah has placed much good.
If you want to replace one wife with another and you have given one of them a great amount of wealth, do not take any of it back. Would you take it through slander and clear sin?
Forbidden to you in marriage are your mothers, daughters, sisters, paternal aunts, maternal aunts, brothers’ daughters, sisters’ daughters, your milk-mothers who nursed you, your milk-sisters, your wives’ mothers, and your stepdaughters under your care born of wives with whom you have consummated marriage. But if you have not consummated marriage with them, there is no blame on you. Also forbidden are the wives of your biological sons, and marrying two sisters at the same time, except what has already happened. Allah is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.
Also forbidden are married women, except those under your authority. This is Allah’s prescription for you. Lawful to you are women beyond these, provided you seek them with your wealth in honorable marriage, not sexual immorality. For the marital benefit you receive from them, give them their prescribed marriage gifts. There is no blame on you for what you mutually agree upon after the prescribed amount. Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.